岚山区海洋教育校本教材

 

                                                前言

随着人类社会的发展，占地球表面积71％的海洋，将是人类实现可持续发展的最新领域和最广阔空间，是解决人类面临的人口、资源与环境三大危机的所在。海洋不仅是人类生命的摇篮，也将是人类赖以生存的第二空间。

21世纪是“海洋世纪”，发展海洋经济、海洋科技、实施海洋开发与保护、维护海洋权益等已成为世界各国的国家战略。要发展海洋事业，建设世界海洋强国，增强全民族海洋意识是首要任务。而全民族海洋意识的建立必须从中小学教育抓起。岚山区一中地处鲁东南黄海岸边，毗邻国家一类开放口岸—岚山港。海洋为岚山提供了得天独厚的港口资源、景观资源、渔业资源，是未来岚山经济腾飞的保障。

《基础教育课程改革纲要》要求学校积极开发并合理利用校内外各种课程资源，而海洋资源，正是一种不可多得的学校课程资源。海洋教育进入学校教育体系，是沿海地区学校可持续发展的生长点和机遇。

弘扬海洋文化，提升海洋意识，塑造海洋特色，将海洋教育渗透到德育、学科教育与实践活动中，应该成为岚山一中大力推进素质教育、推进课程改革、开发校本课程的切入点。了解海洋经济、认识海洋资源，懂得海洋保护，对于学生的成长、民族素质的提高、国家的发展具有重大的意义。

为此，在学校领导的重视和支持下，我校地理教研组作为学校开发校本课程、推进校本教研制度的试点教研组，于2011年立项了“岚山海洋地理”的课题。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

编者  

2012年12月7月

 

 目 录

 

 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 第一章 海洋自然环境... PAGEREF _Toc343880231 \h 1 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200330031000000

第一节 海洋开发背景及区位优势... PAGEREF _Toc343880232 \h 1 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200330032000000

一、开发背景... PAGEREF _Toc343880233 \h 1 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200330033000000

二、区位优势... PAGEREF _Toc343880234 \h 2 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200330034000000

三、岚山港口条件     .  PAGEREF _Toc343880235 \h 3 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200330035000000

第二节 海洋资源的分布特点... PAGEREF _Toc343880236 \h 3 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200330036000000

第三节 海洋灾害与防护... PAGEREF _Toc343880237 \h 4 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200330037000000

一、海洋灾害类型... PAGEREF _Toc343880238 \h 4 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200330038000000

二、 成因和危害... PAGEREF _Toc343880239 \h 5 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200330039000000

第二章 海洋资源与经济... PAGEREF _Toc343880240 \h 7 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340030000000

第一节  渔业开发... PAGEREF _Toc343880241 \h 7 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340031000000

一、发展趋势... PAGEREF _Toc343880242 \h 7 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340032000000

二．发展方向... PAGEREF _Toc343880243 \h 7 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340033000000

第二节  滨海旅游资源的开发... PAGEREF _Toc343880244 \h 10 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340034000000

一、南部滨海岸带开发... PAGEREF _Toc343880245 \h 10 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340035000000

二、聚焦“海上碑”... PAGEREF _Toc343880246 \h 14 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340036000000

三、荻水湿地公园... PAGEREF _Toc343880247 \h 15 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340037000000

第三节 港口优势资源的开发... PAGEREF _Toc343880248 \h 17 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340038000000

一、港口海运资源... PAGEREF _Toc343880249 \h 17 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200340039000000

二、临港工业... PAGEREF _Toc343880250 \h 18 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350030000000

第三章   海洋文化与生活... PAGEREF _Toc343880251 \h 19 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350031000000

第四章 海洋开发与科技... PAGEREF _Toc343880252 \h 21 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350032000000

一、 由“原生态”向“科技化”... PAGEREF _Toc343880253 \h 21 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350033000000

二、渔业经济从“浅蓝”到“深蓝”... PAGEREF _Toc343880254 \h 22 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350034000000

第五章 海洋生态与保护... PAGEREF _Toc343880255 \h 23 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350035000000

一、科学利用海洋资源... PAGEREF _Toc343880256 \h 23 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350036000000

二、统筹海陆污染防治... PAGEREF _Toc343880257 \h 23 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350037000000

三、加强海洋生态修复... PAGEREF _Toc343880258 \h 23 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350038000000

第六章 海洋权益与国防... PAGEREF _Toc343880259 \h 25 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200350039000000

一、海洋权益... PAGEREF _Toc343880260 \h 25 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200360030000000

二、海洋国防... PAGEREF _Toc343880261 \h 25 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300340033003800380030003200360031000000